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SLO-Gated Rollout
Scale expansion is gate-driven and not calendar-driven.
Minimum gates
• Device DAU ≥ 250k with median ≥3 accepted proofs/device/day
• Chain-Health ≥85 for ≥95% of time
• Forced inclusion ≤24h consistently
• Public API p95 latency <800ms per region
Capacity policy
• Autoscale to ≥2× rolling p95 load; burstable to ≥3× during incidents
• Sequencer failover RTO ≤60s, RPO ≤1 block
• 72-hour offline buffering on devices and at edges
Smart Contracts and Interoperability
Authra’s contracts live on our Arbitrum Orbit L3 (“Authra L3”) with execution on Nitro and settlement to Arbitrum One (L2), which in turn settles to Ethereum L1. Each finalized batch records its Merkle root and metadata on the parent chain, preserving an auditable trail while keeping per-proof costs low. $ATRX is the native utility token on Authra L3 (and the gas token in AnyTrust mode). For external liquidity and integrations, we use the canonical Arbitrum bridge to enable $ATRX representations on Arbitrum One and, when needed, on Ethereum L1. This keeps the core app-chain sovereign and low-fee, while allowing the token and data feeds to interoperate with the broader Ethereum ecosystem. The contracts also implement the burn-and-mint economics (detailed later in Tokenomics) whereby enterprise usage fees result in token burns and new token issuance for rewards follows a schedule .
Authra’s chain is EVM-compatible to facilitate interoperability with the broader blockchain ecosystem. This means developers can write integrations in Solidity and the $ATRX token can readily interact with other Ethereum-based platforms if needed. Although Authra primarily runs on its own chain, we plan to enable cross-chain bridges for $ATRX – for example, deploying a mirrored $ATRX token on Ethereum mainnet or other popular L2s (Arbitrum, Base) so that users can move liquidity into DeFi pools or exchanges. This way, while Authra’s core operations remain on a performant custom network, the token and data feeds aren’t siloed – they can plug into existing crypto infrastructure, maximizing liquidity and integration options.
Scalability Decisions
The system is architected to scale horizontally at each layer:
The ingestion service (which collects data from devices and prepares batches) can run on multiple servers across regions behind load balancers. It’s stateless aside from writing to a database, so we can spin up more instances as data volume grows.
Databases (for raw data and analytics) can be sharded by geography or time. We use time-series optimized stores (e.g. TimescaleDB for recent data, ClickHouse for large-scale analytics) that are proven to handle billions of records by scaling out in clusters .
With a sequencer-based pipeline, Authra L3 can sustain high transaction throughput on Orbit. Because proofs are aggregated into Merkle batches, the rate of batch posts to the parent chain remains moderate and is measured in seconds (not per-transaction). We target a batch cadence in the single-digit to low-tens per minute under load; economic finality then follows the parent chain’s challenge window and L1 settlement. This is comfortably within the capacity of Arbitrum One (L2) and Ethereum L1 anchoring.
This design choice – heavy lifting off-chain, lightweight commitments on-chain – allows Authra to target an ingest rate of over 100,000 data points per second (across the network) while keeping on-chain throughput manageable .
End-to-end latency is optimized by pipeline design, from a device submitting a proof to that proof being included in a finalized batch and available via API, we target under 2 seconds in the common case, from submission to being queryable via API. This ensures near-real-time responsiveness for applications like outage detection or dynamic traffic routing.
Alternate Architecture Considerations
In designing the chain, we evaluated various approaches. We considered using the Cosmos SDK with Tendermint and independent bridging to Ethereum, or frameworks like Optimism’s OP Stack for a rollup solution. We opted for an Arbitrum Orbit–based appchain because Orbit provides production-proven Nitro execution, low fees, Timeboost (optional priority sequencing), BoLD fraud proofs, and a mature AnyTrust/rollup DA pathway that fits Authra’s enterprise/government data-integrity goals. This route is similar to other successful DePIN projects that use app-specific chains anchored to Ethereum for trust. It gives us flexibility in development and sovereignty (we control our validator set and can implement custom modules), but still an easy path to interoperate with Ethereum’s ecosystem. If in the future an even more efficient or compliant framework emerges, Authra’s modular design would allow migration or multi-chain support, but for now the single-chain-with-anchor strategy offers the best mix of performance, unity, and security.
Finally, Authra’s architecture supports private Orbit deployments. For customers that require isolation (e.g., defense, regulated critical infrastructure), we can stand up a private Orbit chain using AnyTrust (cheap DA, custom gas in $ATRX) or Rollup mode (L1 DA) under their governance, while keeping interoperability with the public Authra L3 via standard Arbitrum bridges. Terrascient and TruePing are built to interface with such instances. This lets a government or enterprise run Authra internally with the same verification model while retaining a clean path to public auditability and liquidity on Arbitrum One/Ethereum.
Alternate Architecture Considerations
In designing the chain, we evaluated various approaches. We considered using the Cosmos SDK with Tendermint and independent bridging to Ethereum, or frameworks like Optimism’s OP Stack for a rollup solution. We opted for an Arbitrum Orbit–based appchain because Orbit provides production-proven Nitro execution, low fees, Timeboost (optional priority sequencing), BoLD fraud proofs, and a mature AnyTrust/rollup DA pathway that fits Authra’s enterprise/government data-integrity goals. This route is similar to other successful DePIN projects that use app-specific chains anchored to Ethereum for trust. It gives us flexibility in development and sovereignty (we control our validator set and can implement custom modules), but still an easy path to interoperate with Ethereum’s ecosystem. If in the future an even more efficient or compliant framework emerges, Authra’s modular design would allow migration or multi-chain support, but for now the single-chain-with-anchor strategy offers the best mix of performance, unity, and security.
Finally, Authra’s architecture supports private Orbit deployments. For customers that require isolation (e.g., defense, regulated critical infrastructure), we can stand up a private Orbit chain using AnyTrust (cheap DA, custom gas in $ATRX) or Rollup mode (L1 DA) under their governance, while keeping interoperability with the public Authra L3 via standard Arbitrum bridges. Terrascient and TruePing are built to interface with such instances. This lets a government or enterprise run Authra internally with the same verification model while retaining a clean path to public auditability and liquidity on Arbitrum One/Ethereum.